PAC-1 (VO-100)

Alias: PAC-1; PAC1; PAC 1; VO-100; VO100; VO 100; procaspase activating compound-1
Cat No.:V0025 Purity: ≥98%
First procaspase-activating compound (PAC-1; VO 100) is a potent small-molecule activator of procaspase-3 that directly catalyzes the maturation of procaspase-3 to the active caspase-3 by inducing the cleavage of procaspase-3 in a time-dependent manner.
PAC-1 (VO-100) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 315183-21-2
Product category: Caspase
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price Stock Qty
10mg
25mg
50mg
100mg
250mg
500mg
Other Sizes
Official Supplier of:
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text
Alternate Text

 

  • Business Relationship with 5000+ Clients Globally
  • Major Universities, Research Institutions, Biotech & Pharma
  • Citations by Top Journals: Nature, Cell, Science, etc.
Top Publications Citing lnvivochem Products
Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

PAC-1 (VO 100) is a potent small-molecule activator of procaspase-3 that catalyzes the maturation of procaspase-3 into the active caspase-3 by inducing the time-dependent cleavage of procaspase-3. Studies have shown that PAC-1 can cause cell death in both primary cancerous cells and nearby normal tissues, with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values ranging from 0.003 to 1.41 μM and 5.02 to 9.98 μM, respectively.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
Procaspase-3 (EC50 = 0.22 μM)
ln Vitro
PAC-1 activates procaspase-7 in a less efficient manner with an EC50 value of 4.5 μM. With an IC50 ranging from 0.35 M for NCI-H226 cells to 3.5 M for UACC-62 cells, elevated caspase 3 levels in cancer cell lines enable PAC-1 to selectively induce apoptosis. PAC-1 more potently induces apoptosis in primary cancerous cells with IC50 values of 3 nM to 1.41 μM than in neighboring noncancerous cells with IC50 values of 5.02 μM to 9.98 μM, which is also closely related to the distinct procaspase-3 concentration. [1]
ln Vivo
The growth of an ACHN renal cancer xenograft in mice is significantly inhibited by the administration of PAC-1 at a dose of 5 mg with low and steady release. In a dose-dependent manner, oral administration of PAC-1 (50 or 100 mg/kg) significantly slows the growth of the lung cancer xenograft NCI-H226 and significantly reduces the cancer cells' ability to invade lung tissue. Procaspase-3 activation and subsequent induction of apoptosis, both of which are consistent with the activity in vitro, are thought to be the causes of PAC-1's anti-tumor effects in vivo. [1]
Enzyme Assay
Procaspase-3 is expressed and purified in Escherichia coli. In a 96-well plate, 90 μL of procaspase-3 solution containing 50 ng/mL is added. The solution is then mixed with various concentrations of PAC-1. The plate is then incubated for 12 hours at 37 °C. The caspase-3 peptidic substrate acetyl Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-p-nitroanilide (Ac-DEVD-pNa) in a 10 μL volume of caspase assay buffer is then added to each well. A Spectra Max Plus 384 well plate reader reads the plate every two minutes at a wavelength of 405 nm for two hours. Calculating the relative increase in activation from untreated control wells requires determining the slope of the linear portion for each well.
Cell Assay
For 72 hours, cells are exposed to various PAC-1 concentrations. The MTS/PMS CellTiter 96 Cell Proliferation Assay reagent is used to measure cell death. The plates are incubated at 37 °C for roughly an hour (until the colored product formed), and the absorbance is measured at 490 n.
Animal Protocol
0, 50 or 100 mg/kg;
Mixed with cholesterol and pelleted into a 3-mm-diameter 20-mg (total weight) pellet, or dissolved in a mixture of 24:1 vegetable oil/DMSO
Mice s.c. injected with NCI-H226 (lung cancer) cells
References

[1]. Nat Chem Biol . 2006 Oct;2(10):543-50.

[2]. J Mol Biol . 2009 Apr 24;388(1):144-58.

[3]. Cell Death Dis . 2011 Sep 8;2(9):e207.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C23H28N4O2
Molecular Weight
392.49
Exact Mass
392.22
Elemental Analysis
C, 70.38; H, 7.19; N, 14.27; O, 8.15
CAS #
315183-21-2
Appearance
Solid powder
SMILES
C=CCC1=C(C(=CC=C1)/C=N/NC(=O)CN2CCN(CC2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)O
InChi Key
YQNRVGJCPCNMKT-LFVJCYFKSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C23H28N4O2/c1-2-7-20-10-6-11-21(23(20)29)16-24-25-22(28)18-27-14-12-26(13-15-27)17-19-8-4-3-5-9-19/h2-6,8-11,16,29H,1,7,12-15,17-18H2,(H,25,28)/b24-16+
Chemical Name
2-(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)methylideneamino]acetamide
Synonyms
PAC-1; PAC1; PAC 1; VO-100; VO100; VO 100; procaspase activating compound-1
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: ~78 mg/mL (~198.7 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL (slightly soluble or insoluble)
Ethanol: ~16 mg/mL (~40.8 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
30% PEG400+0.5% Tween80+5%Propylene glycol: 30mg/mL
 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5478 mL 12.7392 mL 25.4784 mL
5 mM 0.5096 mL 2.5478 mL 5.0957 mL
10 mM 0.2548 mL 1.2739 mL 2.5478 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

  • Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
  • Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
  • Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume
An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
  • To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.
Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
/

Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
+
+
+

Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04589832 Active
Recruiting
Drug: PAC-1
Drug: Entrectinib
Uveal Melanoma Arkadiusz Z. Dudek, MD January 11, 2021 Phase 1
Phase 2
NCT02355535 Completed Drug: PAC-1 Solid Tumor
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Vanquish Oncology, Inc. July 2013 Phase 1
Biological Data
  • PAC-1

  • PAC-1

Contact Us